Compression springs are typically helical structures made of metal wire (such as carbon steel or stainless steel). Their working principle is based on Hooke's Law, which states that within the elastic limit, the spring force F is directly proportional to the spring compression x, expressed as F = kx, where k is the spring constant. When an external force is applied to the spring, it undergoes compression deformation, storing elastic potential energy; when the external force disappears, the spring returns to its original shape, releasing the stored energy.
When designing a compression spring, it is necessary to determine various parameters of the spring based on the specific application scenario and requirements, such as the wire diameter, spring outer diameter, effective number of coils, and free height. The calculation of these parameters usually needs to consider factors such as the spring's maximum working load, maximum compression, and spring constant. For example, based on the required spring force and compression, the spring constant can be calculated using Hooke's Law, and then the wire diameter and other dimensional parameters can be determined based on the allowable stress of the material and the spring's structural requirements.
